高三英语教案：《名词性从句的重点、难点》教学设计

　　名词性从句在功能上相当于名词

　　名词性从句的定义:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

　　(一）引导名词性从句的连接词

　　1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。

　　2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。

　　3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。 that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；as if（好象）虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。

　　注意：连词的选用： 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。whether 和if（是否），

　　1. It’s not immediately clear ____ the financial crisis will soon be over .

　　A. since     B. what   C. when   D. whether

　　2. As a new diplomat , he often thinks of _____ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.

　　A. what   B. which   C. that    D. how

　　3. When asked ____ they need most , the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. \

　　A. what   B. why   C. whom   D. which

　　4. The last time we had great fun was ___ we were visiting the Water Park .

　　A. where     B. how   C. when    D. why

　　5. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _____the best jobs are .

　　A. where   B. what   C. when   D. why

　　6._______ you don't like him is none of my business. (上海1992)

　　A. What   B. Who   C. That    D. Whether

　　7.Go and get your coat．It's ____ you left it．

　　A. where B. there C. here where D. where there

　　（二）that在名词性从句中的用法

　　that 引导名词性从句不充当任何成分，没有具体意义。以下情况that不能省略：

　　1.主、表、同从句不能省

　　That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.

　　It is certain that he will succeed.

　　The?order?that?all?the?soldiers?should?stay?still?is?given?by?the?general.

　　The?fact?is?that?he?has?not?been?seen?recently.

　　2.宾语从句中的that 一般可以省，但以下情况不能：

　　a. 并列宾语从句中第一个that 可以省，后面的都不能省。

　　I knows (that) he is a worker and that he lives in Shanghai.

　　b.介词in , except 后面的that 不能省。

　　The reason lies in ______she works harder than others do.

　　The higher income tax is harmful in ______it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

　　c.主句动词后有其它从句插入，或连接词后有其它从句插入，that 不能省。

　　He judged ______ because he was a child , he didn't understand what he said .

　　Everyone knows ____ happened and_____ she was worried .

　　A that, that   B. what, that  C. what, /  D. that , what

　　d. it 做形式，that做真正的宾语引导从句，that不能省。

　　I think it difficult ____we finish the task in only one day.   A /    B. that   C. what    D. which

　　e.若主句的谓语动词是appear， agree，learn， suggest，observe等时，that通常不可省略。例如： We agreed that all the students must plant trees in the park.

　　1. China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows ____ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.   A. what    B. which    C. 不填    D. it that

　　（三）、whether与if的辨用

　　whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但在下列情况下用whether。

　　a. 主语从句  b. 表语从句  c. 同位语从句  e. 介词后的宾语从句

　　f.后接动词不定式 (whether to do sth.)

　　g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if

　　___ the meeting will be held in Beijing is not known yet.

　　A. Whenever    B. If     C. Whether     D. That

　　2.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ____ it got any better.

　　A. when   B. how   C. why  D. if

　　3._____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

　　A. If     B. Whether    C. That     D. Where

　　4. What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (上海2001)

　　A. when    B. how    C. whether   D. why

　　（四）名词性从句中一律使用陈序语气。

　　e.g. He asked how much I paid for the violin.

　　I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。

　　She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

　　1.No one can be sure ____ in a million years.

　　A. what man will look like    B. what will man look like

　　C. man will look like what    D. what look will man like

　　2.You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

　　A. how they were excited  B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited

　　3. The photographs will show you ____．（MET1989）

　　A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

　　C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

　　4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. (NMET2000)

　　A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it  D. who it is

　　5. Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? (NMET1990)

　　A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put  C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put

　　6. He asked ________ for the violin. (NMET1991)

　　A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much  C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid

　　（五）名词性从句中虚拟语气的使用情况

　　1、在表示“命令、建议、坚持、要求”的名词性从句中，要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。e.g. I made a suggestion that he (should) go there at once.

　　I suggested that he (should) go there at once.

　　The suggestion was that he (should) go there at once.

　　I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。

　　The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发\

　　He insisted that he _____ the money and ____ he ____ set free.

　　A. didn’t steal , / was  B. steal , that , shoud be C. didn’t steal , that , should be  D. steal , / was

　　2、wish引导的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，分与现在、过去、将来相反三种情况。

　　e.g. I wish I were ten years younger.

　　I wish you had posted the letter yesterday.

　　I wish I would try again.

　　3、在句型“It + is/was + adj.+主语从句”中，如果形容词是important, strange, natural, necessary等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。

　　e.g. It’s strange that he (should) think so.

　　It is necessary that he (should) go there at once.

　　1.It is necessary that a college student ______at least a foreign language. (上海1993)

　　A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master

　　2.It was ordered that all the soldiers _______to the front.

　　A. should send B. must be sent C. should be sent D. must go

　　3. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _______.

　　A. be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to be put off

　　（六）主语从句：it做形式主语的重要句型

　　1)It is / was + 名词 + that从句（a pity, a shame, a good idea, no wonder, an honor, high time）

　　1. It is a pity that she _________(come) to the party.

　　2.It is high time that we __________(get) down to work.

　　3. It is the first time that I _________(come) to Beijing.

　　4._____is no wonder _____the children love to visit the farm.

　　2)It is/was+adj+that从句（possible, probable, likely, certain, surprsing, clear, obvious, apparent, evident, well-known, true, important, necessary, essential, strange常用虚拟语气：即（should）+动词原形）   如：It is necessary that  we_________(have) a good knowledge of basic English.

　　3)It is / was + 过去分词+ that从句（said, reported/ thought, believed, suggested, advised, ordered, required , proved, believed, arranged , expected, hoped）如： ___ is said_____ he has gone abroad.

　　4)It + 不及物动词+ that 从句

　　It seems/happens(碰巧)/ appears/ turns out / doesn’t matter/ it occurs to sb. (某人突然想起)） that…

　　例句：____seems______ he has known the secret.

　　1.____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

　　A. There    B. This    C. That    D. It

　　2. It’s obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future .

　　A．as     B. which    C. whether   D. that

　　3. It worried her a bit ______her hair was turning grey.

　　A. while     B. if     C. that    D. for

　　4. I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.

　　A. it    B. that    C. this    D. them

　　5. Does _______ matter if he can't finish the job on time?

　　A. this    B. that    C. he    D. it

　　6. ________that they found an unusual plant in the forest.

　　A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says

　　（九） think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中用在第一人称中时，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中

　　例如：We don’t think you are here,________________?  I don’t believe he will do so. _________________?

　　She doesn’t think you are here, ________________?

　　（七）同位语从句

　　① 说明其前面的名词的具体内容。常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有：(advice, demand, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, order, possibility, problem, promise, proposal, question, request, reason, suggestion,  truth, wish, word, belief）等。

　　1.The news _____ we won the game is exciting.

　　(   )2.The thought came to him ______ Mary had probably fallen ill.

　　A. what    B that   C. why   D. when

　　(   )3. -----Is there any possibility ____ you could pick up at the airport ?

　　-----No problem .

　　(   )4. We should consider the students’ request __ the school liberary provide more books on popular science.

　　(   )5. News came from the school office ____ Wang Lin had been adimitted to Beijing University.

　　(   )6. The fact has worried many scientists ____ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer .

　　A. where  B. that   C.which   D. what

　　② 引导同位语从句与定语从句的that的区别?

　　that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。

　　试比较下面两个例句:

　　The news that he told me is very important．（that引导______从句，作______，______省略）

　　The news that our team won the game is exciting. （that引导_______从句，_____省略）

　　(   )1.Then arose the question ____ we were to get so much money.

　　(   )2.This the house ____ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.

　　A. where    B. that    C. about which    D. in which

　　（八）表语从句：

　　表语从句位于系动词(be, seem, look 等)后，有时用as if / as though引导表语从句。                            It happens that(恰好) ,It appears that(似乎), It seems that(好象), It turns out that(结果是)等这类结构的句子，通常被看作是表语从句。

　　This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。

　　That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。

　　It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。

　　----- How I wished we studied _____there are fewer exams !

　　----- You are joking .    A. where   B. the place where   C. in which   D. in where

　　(九) Where, when, why，because, as if/ as though等连接副词引导的名词性从句。

　　Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。例如：It looked as if it was going to rain.

　　That’s because he didn’t work hard enough.

　　That was why I asked for three days’leave.

　　1.----I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

　　-----Is that ____ you had a few days off?   A. why     B. when     C. that     D. where

　　2.—Do you remember ____ he came?

　　—Yes, I do, he came by car.   A. How     B. when     C. that     D. if

　　3. The reason ____ he was late was ______he missed the train by one minute this morning

　　A. why, because   B. why, that   C. for, because    D. for , that

　　4. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

　　---- Is that ______ you had a few days off ?    A. why     B. what      C. when       D. where

　　（十） that 与what 在名词性从句中的区别

　　That引导名词性从句在从句中不充当任何成分，也没任何意义，只起连接作用，有时可以省略，而what 引导从句时充当主，宾，表，定语。

　　1._________ he said so made us angry.

　　2._______the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.

　　3._________ he said made us angry.

　　4.China is no longer _____ it used to be .

　　5.____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.

　　A. What; what    B. what; that    C. That; that    D. That; what

　　6. ____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

　　A. What    B. That     C. How     D. Where

　　7. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ____ could be life’s most important decision---marriage --- almost entirely to luck.   A. as     B. that     C. which   D. what

　　8. _____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.

　　A . It   B. What   C. As   D. Which

　　9. _______ you have done might do harm to other people.　　A. That B. What C. Whether D. How

　　(十一) 疑问词+ever 与no matter + 疑问词的区别：

　　疑问词+ever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句。

　　Whoever breakes the law must be punished .

　　或：Whoever breakes the law, he must be punished .

　　no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句.

　　No matter who breaks the law, he must be punished.

　　No matter what you do , you must do it well .

　　1.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

　　A. however      B. whatever         C. whichever         D. whenever

　　2.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who          B. The one         C. Anyone           D. Whoever

　　3. It was a matter of ____ would take the position.

　　A. who         B. whoever          C. whom            D. whomever

　　4. She is very dear to us .We have been prepared to do ____ it takes to save her life.

　　A. whichever     B. however         C. whatever          D. whoever

　　5. Could I speak to ____ is in charge of the International Sales please?

　　A. who         B. what             C. whoever           D. whatever

　　6. The how to hook can be of help to ____ wants to do the job.

　　A. who        B. whomever        C. no  matter who      D. whoever

　　7._____ wants to stay in the hotel has to pay their own way.

　　A. Anyone      B. The one          Ｃ.Whoever            D. Who

　　8. _____ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

　　A. Who        B. Anyone           C. Whoever            D. The person

　　另外，在whoever，whatever，whenever，wherever中，ever起强调作用，意为“究竟、到底”。如：

　　如： Wherever have you been?

　　(十二)有些不可直接跟宾语从句的动词。

　　I hate it when…; I dislike it when…; I’d appreciate it if…I will see to it that…

　　I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.

　　I hate___ when the weather becomes cold because there in no heater inside .

　　A. this           B. that            C. it             D. so

　　名词性从句高考真题集锦 (08)

　　1. (08湖南, 29) When asked ________ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.

　　A. what          B. why            C. whom        D. which

　　2. (08天津, 12) The last time we had great fun was __________ we were visiting the Water Park.

　　A. where        B. how         C. when         D. why

　　3. (08重庆, 25) People in Chongqing are proud of       they have achieved in the past ten years.

　　A. that           B. which        C. what            D. how

　　4. (08山东, 23) _______was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

　　A. It            B. This         C. What            D. As

　　5. (08福建, 27)          is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

　　A. It             B. What             C. As           D. Which

　　6. (08浙江, 4) ______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

　　A. Anyone     B. The one       C. Whoever     D. Who

　　7. (08浙江, 6) Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.    A. what       B. that           C. which       D. one

　　8. (08陕西, 8) Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea       the party is to be held?

　　A. what       B. which         C. that         D. where

　　9. (08上海, 34) As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about ______ he will do or think.

　　A. what         B. which         C. whom        D. that

　　10. (08上海, 36) It has been proved ______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.   A. If             B. because         C. when            D. that

　　名词性从句 (07)

　　1. (07湖南, 28) Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.

　　A. why           B. that           C. when           D. where

　　2. (07全国II, 17) ____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

　　A. What    B. Why    C. Where    D. Which

　　3. (07安徽, 33) You can only be sure of _______ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something ________ you might get in the future.

　　A. that; what         B. what; /           C. which; that          D. /; that

　　4. (07福建, 35) It is none of your business           other people think about you. Believe yourself.

　　A. how                B. what                C. which                D. when

　　5. (07江苏, 25) Choosing the right dictionary depends on ______ you want to use it for.

　　A. what    B. why    C. how    D. whether

　　6. (07陕西, 8)         parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.

　　A. That                B. Which                C. What                D. As

　　7. (07上海, 39) _______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.

　　A. That           B. What          C. Whether        D. Where

　　8. (07上海, 40) The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.

　　A. when           B. why          C. whether         D. that

　　9. (07天津, 15) The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make

　　______ it is.   A. what             B. which         C. how             D. where

　　10. (07浙江, 5) Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's _______ the best jobs are.

　　A. where           B. what           C. when          D. why

　　名词性从句(06)

　　1. (06全国II, 16) —What did your parents think about your decision?

　　—They always let me do ______ I think I should.

　　A. when         B. that        C. how          D. what

　　2. (06全国I, 23) See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.

　　A. when         B. which       C. where        D. what

　　3. (06全国I, 33) Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

　　A. which        B. that         C. what         D. whether

　　4. (06北京, 29) —Could you do me a favor?

　　—It depends on _______ it is.

　　A. which         B. whichever       C. what          D. whatever

　　5. (06北京, 31) Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _______ don’t.

　　A. who; 不填          B. 不填; who        C. who; who     D. 不填; 不填

　　6. (06天津, 14) There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.

　　A. that          B. which         C. until          D. if

　　7. (06重庆, 33) Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _______ he had to meet his uncle in the airport.    A. why          B. that          C. where         D. because

　　8. (06湖南, 34) With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _____ he was a man of action.       A. which           B. that          C. what         D. whether

　　9. (06四川, 30) —It’s thirty years since we last met.

　　—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ______ we got lost on a rainy night.

　　A. which          B. that          C. what           D. when

　　10. (06安徽, 29) A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

　　A. if           B. when         C. that         D. which

　　11. (06江苏, 35) We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

　　A. if            B. where          C. whether       D. that

　　12. (06山东, 27) _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

　　A. No matter what       B. No matter which    C. Whatever         D. Whichever

　　13. (06辽宁, 30) _______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

　　A. What           B. Who         C. Whatever          D. Whoever

　　名词性从句(05)

　　1. (05全国I, 23) Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game.

　　A. why         B. what           C. who         D. that

　　2. (05全国II, 11) The poor young man is ready to accept ______ help he can get.

　　A. whichever       B. however        C. whatever        D. whenever

　　3. (05北京, 29) As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when _______ and see him.

　　A. you will come                   B. will you come

　　C. you come                       D. do you come

　　4. (05天津, 2) Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and ______ it is rough or smooth.

　　A. /        B. whether          C. how           D. what

　　5. (05上海, 38) ________ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

　　A. What is required    B. What requires    C. it is required    D. it requires

　　6. (05重庆, 34) The old lady’s hand shook frequently. She explained to her doctor ____ this shaking had begun half a year before, and ______, only because of this, she had been forced to give up her job.

　　A. when; how     B. how; when     C. how; how     D. why; why

　　7. (05山东, 34) Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ cure for AIDS will be found.

　　A. which         B. that         C. what          D. whether

　　8. (05福建, 26) Mum is coming. What present _______ for your birthday?

　　A. you expect she has got               B. you expect has she got

　　C. do you expect she has got             D. do you expect has she got

　　9. (05湖南35) I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ______ silly mistakes I had made.

　　A. what         B. that          C. how           D. which

　　10. (05江西, 35) The way he did it was different _____ we were used to.

　　A. in which      B. in what       C. from what      D. from which

　　11. (05浙江, 15) Danby left word with my secretary _____ he would call again in the afternoon.

　　A. who            B. that           C. as           D. which

　　12. (05安徽, 15) Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped.

　　A. what; when               B. that; which       C. what; which               D. which; that

　　13. (05江苏, 33) －Don’t you think it necessary that he _____ to Miami but to New York.

　　－I agree, but the problem is _______ he has refused to.

　　A. will not be sent; that                  B. not be sent; that

　　C. should not be sent; what               D. should not send; what

　　14. (05山东, 26) The shopkeeper did not want to sell _______ he thought was not enough.

　　A. where          B. how            C. what           D. which

　　15. (05辽宁, 29) Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom?

　　A. that           B. what          C. as            D. which

　　名词性从句(04)

　　1. (04全国, 31) You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _______ I disagree.

　　A. why           B. where          C. what          D. how

　　2. (04北京, 31) We cannot figure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds and animals are dying out.

　　A. that          B. as          C. why          D. when

　　3. (04天津, 35) A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago.

　　A. what         B. which          C. that         D. where

　　4. (04上海, 40) A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England like nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

　　A. when           B. where         C. what        D. that

　　5. (04湖南, 24) I think Father would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.

　　A. which          B. why         C. what         D. how