高考英语二轮复习知识点：数词与连词

2016-02-23 14:49:49中国教育在线

　　数词一般与其它知识综合起来考察，比如倍数的表达方法，多个形容词的排列顺序等。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。

　　连词按其性质,分为并列连词和从属连词,考点分布在单项选择?完形填空和短文改错中?《英语教学大纲》和《考试大纲》语法项目表中对连词的考查是这样描述的:掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法?即要求考生分析句子成分,把握语境和逻辑关系,恰当选择合适连词,使句意通顺,逻辑清楚?连接代词或连接副词用于名词性从句,统称连接词?

　　连词考点透析

　　考点一、?特殊并列连词while/when

　　例1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _______ I heard the steps. (2006年高考湖南卷)

　　A. while

　　B. when

　　C. since

　　D. after

　　例2.I’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography. (2007年高考四川卷)

　　A. thoughB. as

　　C. while

　　D. for

　　[解析]B?C?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中?

　　考点二、表示原因的连词for/because/as/since

　　例3.He found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.(2006年高考北京卷)

　　A. and

　　B. for

　　C. but

　　D. or

　　例4.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured. (2006年高考广东卷)

　　A. as

　　B. if

　　C. when

　　D. where

　　例5.Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.(2004年高考上海卷)

　　A. because B. though

　　C. unless

　　D. if

　　例6._____ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.

　　A. For

　　B. Even

　　C. Since

　　D. However

　　[解析]B?A?A?C?引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势最强,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首?

　　考点三、并列连词but/yet/though

　　例7. Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.

　　A. so

　　B. and

　　C. but

　　D. yet

　　[解析]C?but和yet 是连词,可等同使用,但也有区别?yet与and连用,构成and yet,但but却无此用法;在“Excuse me/I’m sorry/I hope you don’t mind…but”中,只用but,不用yet?因为在表示对照或对立时,but较为轻松自然;而yet却较为强烈,常出人意料;though作并列连词时,只能引导分句且其前须加逗号?例:I’ll try to come, though I don’t think I shall manage it.

　　考点四、引导名词性从句的从属连词that/whether/if

　　例8.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (2007 年高考上海卷)

　　A. when

　　B. why

　　C. whether

　　D. that

　　例9.We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. ( 2006年高考江苏卷)

　　A. if

　　B. where

　　C. whetherD. that

　　[解析]D?C?引导名词性从句的从属连词that与whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用that连接,句意不确定时选用whether/if连接;借助it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成“It…that”句型,但whether/if不可;下列情形用whether不用if:与or not 连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句?表语从句和同位语从句中?例:

　　Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

　　考点五、表示比较的从属连词what/as

　　例10. Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals. (2006年高考山东卷)

　　A. as

　　B. that

　　C. what

　　D. which

　　例11._____ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.(2005年高考浙江卷)

　　A. WhenB. After

　　C. As

　　D. Since

　　例12.What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is ________ it is long.(2005年高考湖北卷)

　　A. half not as wide as

　　B. wide not as half as

　　C. not half as wide as

　　D. as wide as not half

　　[解析]C?C?C?what用作从属连词,表比较,用于A is to B what C is to D结构中;而as表示原级比较,常用于as...as结构中,程度修饰语应置于第一个as之前,嵌入的形容词或副词使用原级?另外as还表“正如?按照”,引导方式连词?

　　考点六、表示条件的从属连词if /unless/as long as/once

　　例13. ________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.

　　A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. While

　　例14.Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully.(2007年高考上海卷)

　　A. though

　　B. before

　　C. until

　　D. if

　　例15.You will be successful in the interview ____ you have confidence. (2007年高考福建卷)

　　A. before

　　B. once

　　C. until

　　D. though

　　例16.I won’t call you, _____ something unexpected happens.(2007年考全国卷)

　　A. unlessB. whether C. becauseD. while

　　[解析]C?D?B?A?表条件的连词if/unless/as long as/unless在用法上存在一些差异?as long as用法同only if/on condition that,强调某事的发生以另一事件的发生为前提;if为正面条件,可能会产生好的或坏的结果,若某种条件产生坏的结果,此时的if可用as long as替换; unless为反面条件,表示除非,如果不,故在真实条件句中常和if…not换用;once既表时间,又包含条件,译作一旦?

　　考点七、表示让步的从属连词although/when/while

　　例17. We had to wait half an hour _______ we had already booked a table. (2007年高考辽宁卷)

　　A. sinceB. although

　　C. until

　　D. before

　　例18.______I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive. (2007年高考山东卷)

　　A. As

　　B. Since

　　C. If

　　D. While

　　【解析】B?D?although/when/while均可表示让步,后两者的用法较为特殊?although/though引导让步连词时不与but和yet连用;而while却表示“部分接受,但并非全部”,或用于“强调两种情况?活动等之间的差距”;when也可表示虽然,尽管,同even if,常置于句末?

　　【精选试题】名校模拟题及其答案

　　1.China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games，which are almost those of the sydney Olypic Games.

　　A. twice as many as B.as many as twice

　　C.as much as twice D twice as much as

　　2. Hawking became world-famous in 。

　　A his thirties in the 1970’s B.the thirties in his 1970

　　C.his thirties in 1970s D.the thirties during the 1970

　　3.We’d better hurry up. of the time used up.

　　A Two-thirds：are B Two-thirds;has been C.Two-third：is D.Two-thirds;have been

　　4.一What canI dofor you?

　　一I’d like to take these tomatoes.

　　A two dozen of B two dozen C.two dozens D two dozens of

　　5.一How long will you stay here?

　　一For .

　　A a day or two B.one day and two

　　C one or two day D one and two day

　　6.I bought a big fridge，which ccupied about of the space in my kichen.

　　A two five B two-fifth C.second fifth Dtwo-fifth

　　7. The weight of a male lion can reach 240kg, an adult man，while a lioness call reach up to 180kg

　　A the three times weght of B.three times the weisht of

　　C.as three times heavy as D.three times as heavier as

　　8. he said he wasn’t hungry at all，he ate a big breakfast.

　　A. Unless B.Because C.Though D.If

　　9. the Olympic Games cost us a lot，it bridged the distance between people and developed friendship.

　　A.What B.While C If D.As

　　10. the interview in Boston lasted so long，I missed my connecting flight to New York.

　　A Due to B.So long as C As D.Despite

　　11.Our government took measures in time to protect children who had taken Sanlu baby milk powder it was too late.

　　A now that B as long as C unless D before

　　12 As long as I call remember, I called，his wife would answer the phone.

　　A however B whenever C whatever D.whichever

　　13. Countless people in developing countries no longer suffer from malnutrition. ，poverty remains a problem worldwide.

　　A While B Nevertheless C.Besides D In addition

　　14.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting for us so long，but it’s still be some time the meeting starts.

　　A before B since C till D after

　　15.一Would you like to go to see the film—THE KNOT with me?

　　一Sorry. I have seen it.

　　A though B.unless C.when D but

　　16. Children’s brains can’t develop properly they lack protein

　　A when B since C because D unless

　　17. the two are only days apart in age，they seem to belong to wholly different generatioas.

　　A While B If C As D.Since

　　18.—They don’t have much in their house yet.

　　一 they’planning to live here only until Bob gets his degree，they don’t want to buy much furniture.

　　A.Since B While C Although D Aslong as

　　19.Love is just a word someone ecomes along and gives it meaning.

　　A.if B.until C after D when

　　20.All people, they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster

　　A even if B whether C no matter D however

　　21. “Shall we stop for lunch _____ shall we drive on?” “Let’s stop for lunch, but the driver can’t drink _____ drive.”

　　A. and, and B. or, or

　　C. and, or D. or,and

　　22. “_____ when does the pub stay open?” “About midnight.”

　　A. Since...B. Before

　　C. Until...D. After

　　23. “Would you like tea _____ coffee?” “_____, thanks.”

　　A. or, No B. and, Either

　　C. or, Neither D. and, Each

　　24. He imagines that people don’t like him, _____ they do.

　　A. and B. then

　　C. so D. but

　　25. I firmly believe _____ he said at the meeting was right.

　　A. that B. which

　　C. that what D. what that

　　26. Will you deliver, _____ do I have to come to the shop to collect the goods?

　　A. and B. or

　　C. so D. then

　　27 I’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography.

　　A. though

　　B. as

　　C. while

　　D. for

　　28(2007年高考北京卷).He found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

　　A. and

　　B. for

　　C. but

　　D. or

　　29Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.

　　A. so

　　B. and

　　C. but

　　D. yet

　　30. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.

　　A. when

　　B. why

　　C. whether

　　D. that

　　【答案与解析】

　　1 A。【解析】考查倍数表达法。此处符合A+谓语动词+倍数十as+adj/adv(原级)+as+B结构。

　　2 A。【解析】考查数次的用法。in one’s thirties意为在某人三十多岁时，in/during the 1970o’s意为在20世纪70年代。

　　3 B。【解析】考查分数的用法及主谓一致。分子大于二时分母的序数词要加s。Two-thirds of time作主语，谓语动词用单数，故答案选B。

　　4 A。【解析】dozen，score前面有基数词时，dozen和score不能用复数形式，后面通常也不能接of。但当名词前有the，those，these修饰时，则后面必须加上of，表示……中的……。故答案选A。

　　5 A。【解析】a day or two是习惯说法，意思是一两天，也可以a day or two days。

　　6 D。【解析】考查分数的构成。分子大于二时分母的序数词要加s。

　　7 B。【解析】考查倍数的表达方法。此处应运用倍数+the+名词+of结构。

　　8 C。【解析】此处thought引导让步状语从句。句意：尽管他说不饿，但早餐他吃了很多。

　　9 B。【解析】考查连词while的用法。根据语境可看出此处需要填人一个表示让步意义的词，whtle在此为从属连词，意为尽管。

　　10C。【解析】考查连词as的用法。从题意看，前半句应该是原因，后面是结果。due to由于，表原因，是介词短语，不能跟句子;So long as只要，引导让步状语从，.Despite尽管是介词，不能跟句子;as意思是由于。故答案选C。

　　11 D。【解析】考查连词before的用法。句意：在事态严重之前，我国政府及时采取措施来保护那些喝了三鹿婴幼儿奶粉的孩子们。

　　12 B。【解析】whenever此处是无论何时的意思，相当于no matter when。

　　13 B。【解析】结合语境可知，B是正确答案。Nevertheless然而，不过。

　　14.A。【解析】考查连词的用法。it’11 still be some time before……是一个句型，表示在……之前有一段时间了。

　　15 D。【解析】考查连词的用法。句意：一你和我一起去看电影《云水谣》好吗?一对不起，我已经看过丁。根据题意可知，答案应该选D。

　　16 A。【解析】本题中when引导的是一个条件状语从句，相当于if。句意：如果孩子缺少蛋白质，他们的大脑就会发育不良}，

　　17 A。【解析】考查连词while的用法。句意：尽管这两个人的年龄只有几天之差，但是看起来完全不像是一代人。

　　18 D。【解析】考查连词since的用法。根据题意可知，此处表原因，故答案选D。

　　19 B。【解析】untill直到…为止。句意：爱只是一个字，直到某人出现并给予它真正的内涵。

　　20 B。【解析】考查固定措配whether……or……的用法，句意：自从那次灾难以后，所有的人，不论老人还是年轻人、富人还是穷人，都在努力帮助那些需要帮助的人。

　　21.【解析】选D，第一空填 or，表选择;第二空填 and，can’t drink and drive 指不能同时既喝酒又开车，即不能酒后开车。

　　22.【解析】选C，句意为“这家酒店开门到什么?(或这家酒店什么时候关门?)”

　　23. 【解析】选C，选项A用No来回答选择疑问句，不妥;选项B用 and 连接 tea 与 coffee，说明问句并非提供选择，而答语却用了 either 这样表选择性的词语，也不妥;选项D与语境不符。

　　24. 【解析】选D，前后意思转折，故选 but.注：but they do = but they like him.

　　25【解析】选C，that 为引导宾语从句的连词，在 that what he said at the meeting was right 这一宾语从句中，又包含有what he said at the meeting 这一主语从句，而在该主语从句中，what用作动词 said 的宾语。

　　26【解析】选B，or 表选择。

　　27 [解析] C?作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然?在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中?

　　28 [解析]B引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势最强,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首?

　　29[解析]C?but和yet 是连词,可等同使用,但也有区别?yet与and连用,构成and yet,但but却无此用法;在“Excuse me/I’m sorry/I hope you don’t mind…but”中,只用but,不用yet?因为在表示对照或对立时,but较为轻松自然;而yet却较为强烈,常出人意料;though作并列连词时,只能引导分句且其前须加逗号?例:I’ll try to come, though I don’t think I shall manage it.

　　30. [解析]D引导名词性从句的从属连词that与whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用that连接,句意不确定时选用whether/if连接;借助it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成“It…that”句型,但whether/if不可;下列情形用whether不用if:与or not 连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句?表语从句和同位语从句中?