2012高考英语复习:高考英语词汇400题及详解(四)
来源:新浪博客 2011-11-18 10:58:55
151. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
A. hope B. wait C. expect D. imagine
[答案]C. expert.
[注释]expert期望,盼望,表示认为有很大的客观可能性,例如:I expert the work to be finished by Friday.(我期望这项工作能在星期五前做完。)wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......,强调“等”这一动词的本身,如:The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(观众正等着演出开始。)本题如改为这样:I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他来赶上晚餐,但他没有来。)则句子使是对的。由此可见,expect是表示“期待”,而wait for 是表示“等待”,词义完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.(很遗憾,我不能想象人家那样做实验。)
本题译文:我们不能期望一个人在这样短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。
152. It was necessary to _____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.
A. extend B. increase C. lengthen D. magnify
[答案]A. extend.
[注释]本题中extend意为“扩大”。lengthen拉长,延长。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 传播;vt.展开;He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)
153. I asked the tailor to make a small _____ to my trousers because they were too long.
A. change B. variation C. revision D. alteration
[答案]D alteration.
[注释]alteration 修正,更改,尤指部分的改变。Change改变,变化,可指表面的、本质的、内在的变化。Revision修订、修正,常指文章、词典、剧本等的修改、订正。Variation(形式、位置、条件的)变化、改变、变动:We need some variation in our daily routine.(我们的例行公事需要作些变动。)
154. Because of the strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _____ from dark blue to gray within a year.
A. faded B. fainted C. paled D. diminished
[答案]A. faded.
[注释]fade vt/vi褪色。Faint晕到,变得虚弱:He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.减少:1)His illness diminished his strength. 2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(随着日子的缓缓消逝,野营者的食品供应日益减少。)pale变苍白。
155. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can't speak too highly of him.
A. As a result B. By the way
C. On the whole D. In a word
[答案]D. In a word.
[注释]in a word(=in short)总之,简言之。
本题是测试“过度词”,考生务必根据上下文的逻辑关系来选择适当的过渡词,使句子的意思前后连贯。
156. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _____ a scientific theory.
A. confirm B. confine C. conform D. conceive
[答案]A. confirm.
[注释] confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)证实,确实:1)Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(请把你电话中所说的话再用文字复述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(国王确认,这次选择将于六月二十日举行。)confine...to把......限制于:Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(请把你的话限止于我们正在谈论的题目。)conform (to)使一致,符合,遵守。Conceive 1)想到,想出:He very quickly conceived a new plan.[注意]conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他们不能想象失败的可能。)
157. Political parties often differ in their views on various _____ concerning their own countries.
A. ways B. measures C. issues D. patterns
[答案]c. issues.
[注释]issue此处意为“重大问题”。measure措施,虽然填入本题也说得过去,但不够贴切。pattern模式,图案,图样。与题意不符,不能入选。way 方法,方式。
158. _____ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
A. In spite of B. On account of
C. Regardless of D. Instead of
[答案]B. On account of
[注释]on account of(=because of)由于,因为。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顾;Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.
159. The lawyer was expected to _____ some proposals after reading all those documents.
A. come up with B. put up with
C. look up to D. keep up with
[答案]A. come up with.
[注释]come up with提出。参阅Ⅲ,33。注释。Put up with忍受;keep up with跟上,与......保持一致;look up to尊敬。
160. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _____ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.
A. occasionally B. simultaneously
C. eventually D. directly
[答案]A. occasionally.
[注释]occasionally 偶尔。参阅IV。137注释。Simultaniously同时地; directly直接
161. In my opinion, you can widen the _____ of these improvements through your active participation.
A. dimension B. volume C. magnitude D. scope
[答案]D. scope.
[注释]scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ; range)(活动)范围,机会,余地:The politics of a country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一个国家的政治不属于旅游手册的内容范围之内。)
dimension尺寸,尺度;magnitude大小,数量;volume体积。均不切题,不能入选。
本题译文:依我看,通过你的积极参与,你能够扩大这些改进措施的范围。
162. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.
A. dim B. soft C. faint D. gentle
[答案]c. faint.
[注释]faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的,模糊的,不清楚的”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的,看不清的;the dim light of a candle(微弱的烛光)。
163. If he refuses to _____ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.
A. put up with B. fall in with
C. do away with D. get along with
[答案]B. fall in with.
[注释]fall in with(=agree to)同意:Is it true that you have fallen in with them?(你真的同意他们的意见吗?)put up with忍受。do away with废除;杀死。get along with进行,进展;相处。
本题译文:如果他不肯同意我的计划,我或许能找一个更能合作的人。
164. Some people either _____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.
A. violently B. sincerely C. properly D. deliberately
[答案]D. deliberately.
[注释]deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真诚地;violently强暴的,激烈的,暴力引起的。properly 1)好好地,恰当地;She never makes any attempt to clean it properly.(她从来也不打算好好地把它擦干净。) 2)严格地:Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(严格地说,鲸鱼不是鱼。)
165. Her skirt had been so _____ in packing that she had to iron it before going out.
A. faded B. torn C. dirty D. crushed
[答案]D. crushed.
[注释]crush把......弄皱。因为后半句中iron指“熨平”,所以不能选其他答案了。
166. His landlady gave him a week's _____ to leave the flat.
A. threat B. notice C. advice D. caution
[答案]B. notice.
[注释]notice预先通知(尤用雇主、雇员或房东、房客之间):give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇员一个月后离职)。
本题译文:他的女房东通知他一周后从套间搬走。
167. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.
A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones
[答案]D. the ones
[注释]代词one可以用来替代前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。如果它替代的名词是复数,则用ones。本题中它代替refrigerators;因特指,故用the ones.
168. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normal
[答案]D. normal
[注释]normal正常的;ordinary普通的;usual平常的;regular有规律的,定期的。
169. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.
A. anything but B. more or less C. at large D. any more
[答案]B. more or less.
[注释]more or less 或多或少地;anything but根本不;at large大体上;逍遥法外;详细地。
本题译文:随着经济基础的改变,整个庞大的上层建筑也或多或少地发生变革。
170. The author of the report is well _____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.
A. acquainted B. informed C. enlightened D. advised
[答案]A. acquainted.
[注释]be acquainted with熟悉,be well informed of(about)对......消息灵通。可见,此题中应用acquainted,因为后面地介词是with.
171. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.
A. process B. attention C. measure D. part
[答案]D. part.
[注释]take part in参加。
本题译文:显然,整个世界正经历着一场社会革命;科学家和技术人员必定是这场革命地主要参加者。
172. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _____.
A. at length B. at last C. at stake D. at ease
[答案]C. at stake.
[注释]at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危险中;利害攸关;His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身濒临危险。); at last最终;at length详细地;at ease安详,自在,随便,不拘束:She knew he was not at ease.(她知道,他并不自在。)
本题译文:农民们比城里人更渴望鱼,因为雨水对农民来说关系更大。
173. When the big bills for mother's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank to _____.
A. fall short of B. fall through
C. fall back on D. fall in with
[答案]C. fall back on.
[注释]fall back on求助于。参阅Ⅲ.48注释。
Fall short of没达到,低于:1)He fell short of what we had expected.(他没有达到我们的期望。) 2)The measures proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的这些措施远没达到需要的 目标。)Fall in with与......一致,符合;同意,赞成,支持。Fall through落空。参阅Ⅲ.49注释。
本题译文:母亲在医院就医的各种帐单送来时,父亲高兴的是他可用银行里的存款来支付。
174. These plastic flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.
A. beautiful B. natural C. artificial D. similar
[答案]B. natural.
[注释]natural自然的,与后半句“许多人认为它们是真的”相呼应。
175. The managing director promised that he would _____ me as soon as he had any further information.
A. communicate B. notice C. notify D. note
[答案]C. notify.
[注释]notify通知。Notice n.通知;v.注意到;note n.笔记;v.记下,摘下。
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