125个易混淆的成人学位英语词汇详解(7)
2009-03-12 16:53:41网络资源
91. equal, equivalent, identical, same
皆含相同,相等之意。
equal相同的,相等的,特指“数量,价值等”相同。如:Their ages are equal.
equivalent相等的,特指“价值,效力,意义”等相同的。如:This sentence is equivalent to that.
identical相同的,相等的,侧重于某一细节上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasions.
identical相同的,相等的,侧重于某一细节上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasion.(她在两种场合穿同样的衣服。)
same相同的,表示在质量、类型、外表或意义上相同,而实际上有差异。如:He is of about the same age as you.
92. imaginable, imaginary, imaginative
都是与想象有关的形容词。
imaginable可以想象得到的。如:This is the only solution imaginable.(这是惟一想得出的解决办法。)
imaginary假想的,虚构的。如:an imaginary character in a story(故事里的虚构人物)
imaginative富于想象力力的。如:an imaginative artist(想像力丰定的艺术家)
93. indifferent, different
indifferent冷漠的,不关心的,同to搭配。如:He was indifferent to his personal appearance.(他从前不注意自己的外表。)
different跟……不一样,同from搭配。如:This book is different from that one.(这本书跟那本不一样。)
94. industrial, industrious
industrial工业的,产业的。如:Italy is becoming an industrial nation.(意大利逐步成为工业国。)
industrious勤劳的,勤奋的。如:He is an industrious student.(他是个用功的学生。)
95. influence, effect
都有“影响”之意。
influence可作动词、名词,指对某人的思想行为、性格等产生影响。如:She was influenced by her middle school teachers.(她受中学时的老师影响。)
effect用作动词意为“造成”,“产生”,用作名词强调由于影响而产生特殊效果。如:The effects of the medicine are very good.(药效很好。)
96. intention, idea, purpose
intention主要指个人心里产生的做某事欲望或得到某物的想法,常见的搭配是have the intention of doing something.
Idea指“意见”,“见解”。
Purpose意为“目的”,着重于实现目的的决心和待付出的努力。如:For what purpose do you learn English?(你学英文的目的是什么?)
97. last, latest, final, ultimate
last最后的,与first相对,还可指“上一次的”。如:My seat is in the last row.
latest最近的,指时间上。如:the latest news(最新消息)
final最后的,指在一系列的事物中是最后的,而且是结论性的,决定性的。如:The judgment has become final.(这已是最后的判断。)
ultimate 最终的,最后的,用于正式场合,含有最高的和最有权威的结果。如:He never considered the ultimate result of his action.(他从未考虑其行为的后果。)
98. lay, lie
lay放,搁。如:Lay the book on the desk.(把书放在桌上。)
lie(躺)的过去式和过去分词分别为lay, lain; lie(说谎)的过去式和过去分词为lied, lied; lay作动词时的过去式和过去分词是laid, laid。
99. literal, literary, literate
literal文字上的,字面的。如:a literal interpretation of a passage(对一段文章的字面解释)
literary文学的。如:literary works(文学作品)
literary有文化的(反义词是illiterate),如:people applying for the job should be computer literate.(申请这份工作的人应会使用电脑。)
100.manufacture, make, produce
manufacture制造,加工,较正式,通常表示把原料经过一定程度制成产品,多指使用机器大批生产。如:This textile factory manufactures cloth of good quality.(这家纺织厂生产优质布料。)
make做,制造,最常用词,使用较广泛。如:She can make cakes.
Produce生产,制造,着重产品的数量。如:The chemical works produced 5,000 tons of chemical fertilizer last year.(这家化工厂去年生产了5000吨化肥。)
101.much, very
都可表示“很”。
much用来修饰动词意义很强的过去分词;very一般修饰形容词或已失去动作意义的过去分词。
一些只作表语的形容词,一般多用much修饰。
very much是much的加强语,因此,能用much的地方,都能用very much。
修饰形容词原级用very,修饰比较级用much。
much可修饰名词,very不能。
102.neglect, overlook, ignore
neglect可以是有意,也可以是无意地“忽略”或“忽视”应该做的事。如:If others neglect their duty to you, be sure that you perform yours to them. (即使他人忽略了履行对你的义务,你也要履行你对他们的义务。)
overlook指由于粗心大意,匆忙而“看漏”或“忽略”某东西或某事实。如:His services have been overlooked by his employers.(他的工作一直没有得到雇主的重视。)
ignore不顾,不理,常指有意地不理,不加分析地拒绝考虑。如:She saw him coming but she ignored him.
103.happen, occur, take place
均表示“发生”。
happen是常用词,指偶然或按计划的发生。如:When did the explosion happen?(爆炸什么时候发生?)
occur是较正式的用词,主要用以指无计划的发生。
take place多表示情况或事情按计划发生。如:The story took place in 1917.(故事发生在1917年。)
104.chance, opportunity, occasion
chance多指偶然的机会,意外的机会,带有侥幸的意味。如:Even so, it was a lucky chance that he could do it.(即使如此,那也是他凭着侥幸才做到这点。)
opportunity主要指能够去做某事,尤其是达到自己目的,实现某种愿望的好机会。如:You should make the most of your opportunities of seeing the country and learning the language.(你应该尽量利用你的机会去看看这个国家,学习它的语言。)
occasion主要指“时机”,“场合”,也含有“机会”的意思。如:The flags are hung out on the occasion of the National Day.(每逢国庆节,国旗都悬持出来了。)
105.persist, insist
persist坚持,后面常接介词in。如:He persisted in carrying on his work in spite of great fatigue.(他虽然疲倦极了,可仍坚持工作。)
insist坚持,后面接介词on,也可直接连用that引导的名词从句。如:He insisted on my going there with him. (He insisted that I should go there with him.)